The 2019–2020 Australian bushfire season, scorched an estimated 46 million acres, destroyed 5900 buildings and killed 34 people. 2020 is turning out to be the worst year so far for wildfires, with 4 million acres already burned. California wildfires caused $85 billion in 2017, $400 billion in 2018 and about $80 billion in 2019. In California, wildfires have become an annual event. Wildfires are a big problem in the United States and the world leading to large losses of life and property. This might indicate the need to build roofs from smoother materials like commercial steel or concrete tiles. Finally, we find that as friction factor decreases, the accumulation also decreases, especially if the wind is blowing parallel to the roof. ![]() We find that as the mass flux of embers increases, the accumulation also increases everywhere on and around the house. ![]() It is not sufficient to fire-proof just the roof, we must also avoid combustibles on the deck and balconies. This leads to the conclusion that roofs are at a higher risk of ignition at low wind speeds, and balconies/patios are at a higher risk of ignition at high wind speeds. ![]() We find that as the wind speed increases, the ember accumulation reduces on open surfaces like the roof and the floor around the house, but it increases in enclosed areas like balconies and patios. We measure the accumulation of embers by varying the following variables one at a time: wind speed, ember mass flux and the roof friction factor. In this paper, we research the accumulation of embers on and around a typical house in the Wildland Urban Interface. However, the accumulation of embers has not. The transport and deposition of embers has been researched significantly, as has the subsequent combustion. A major way in which wildfires spread is through embers or firebrands. ![]() Wildfires are a leading cause of property damage, injury and death throughout the world. Student Research Paper by Rishub Shah ( )
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